Establishing+Training+Programs

Training programs need to be throughly planned if the potential of the players and the performance of a team are to be optimised (PEAKING FOR PERFORMANCE). Short term training sessions need to be linked to long term training plans that measure improvement against their goals. The types of activities, volume of work and intensity are related to the phase of competition.

PHASES OF COMPETITION


 * Phases of Competition || Coaches Focus of Preparation ||
 * Pre-Season || * Development of relevant components of fitness
 * Skill development
 * Team bonding ||
 * In-Season || * Maintenance of fitness
 * Mental training
 * Skill development
 * Strategies and tactics
 * Tapering and peaking where appropriate ||
 * Post Season || * Active leisure
 * Physical recovery ||

Dividing training time into these three phases is called **PERIODISATION.**

LONG TERM PLANNING


 * Training plans are based on both long term and short term plans. Long term plans can be from 4-8 years which are based on achieving a long term goal such as world championships and the Olympics.
 * Within long term plans are annual plans which are aimed at gradually improving physical skills, fitness, mental skills and strategies. Annual plans are usually based around the phases of competition.
 * Within these phases are macrocycles and microcycles.
 * Macrocycles are long training periods of about 3-5 weeks (monthly).
 * Microcycles are short training cycles of about seven days (weekly).
 * There is usually 3-5 microcyles per macrocycle and microcycles can be further divided into daily or twice daily training cycles.

OPTIMISING THE PERFORMANCE OF THE ATHLETE
 * All plans need to ensure that peaking occurs at the intended time.
 * To ensure peaking occurs it is important that training loads and recovery periods are individualiased (age, maturity, skill level, motivation, injury, disability, shape, size and gender) all these things need to be taken into consideration.
 * Staleness suffered by some athletes during the competitive season can negatively affect performance.

ACTIVITY 1

Compare annual and long term training plans.

ACTIVITY 2

Read through and highlight important points from pg 387-388 Health Moves 2 Parker, Patterson and Hearne 2003.

DATA GATHERING AND ANALYSIS OF TRAINING AND PERFORMANCE

Effective programs are developed based on data gained from previous seasons and current performances. Data can be gathered in the form of:
 * Personal and team goals
 * Observations (coach, assistant coach, trainer)
 * Tests and standards
 * Statistical information [] []
 * Psychological needs (arousal and motivation)
 * Performance needs (skill and technique)
 * Positive and constructive interaction between squad members
 * Video analysis

Information from these and other sources such as assistant coaches, trainers, managers and sport psychologists is gathered and assessed to be used in the annual plan. Data collection and analysis of training is essential as it provides a bench mark against which performance is measured.

ACTIVITY 3

Complete the cloze passage and practical application questions.